Quick High-Quality Subtitles with Subtitle Edit and Whisper: A Step-by-Step Guide

This is a practical guide to generating quick, clean subtitle drafts using Subtitle Edit paired with Whisper, an AI speech recognition engine. The goal is a smart balance between speed and quality. Not perfection, but a solid draft that doesn't take forever to clean up.

If you'd like to watch a tutorial, you can find one here, where the same steps listed below are demonstrated.

Steps 1 and 2 (and part of Step 4) below are one-off procedures you need to complete only once to get ready to start subtitling efficiently. Once they're ready, you will find the actual subtitling process, which consists of loading your video, transcribing it with Whisper, and doing a quick, systematic clean-up of the output, to be quite fast. So, let's get started!

Step 1: Download and Install Subtitle Edit

Head to the Subtitle Edit website and download the latest version. The installation is straightforward. follow the default prompts and you're good to go.

Step 2: Initial Setup

Before you start any actual subtitle work, it's worth spending a few minutes configuring the program. This upfront investment saves a lot of manual work down the line.

General Settings

Go to Options > Settings and take a look at the General tab. One of the key settings here is the single line maximum length, which is set to 42 characters by default. If that works for your project, leave it. If not, adjust it here. There are also a few profiles available in the dropdown that are worth exploring.

Tools: The "Do Not Break After" List

This is one of the most impactful settings for subtitle quality. Still inside Options > Settings, go to the Tools section and scroll to the auto-break settings.

Make sure the option "Use Do Not Break After List" is checked. Then click Edit to open the word list.

This list tells Subtitle Edit which words should never appear at the very end of a subtitle line. The idea is that if a line breaks after a word like "for," "a," "and," or "the," the reading experience feels awkward, as those words belong with whatever comes next.

To add words to the list:

1. Type the word in the input field.
2. Click Add (or press Enter) and it gets added immediately.

You can also use a regular expression to add multiple words at once, which is useful if you have a long list of conjunctions, articles, or prepositions to include. Below is a possible regex you can use. You can adapt it according to your needs and paste it after selecting Regular expression.

(?i)(?:\b(?:a|an|the|of|to|in|on|at|by|for|with|from|and|but|or|so|that|if|because|as|than|is|are|was|were|be|been|being|have|has|had|do|does|did|can|could|will|would|should|may|might|must|not|this|these|those|my|your|his|her|our|their|about|into|onto|over|under|after|before|between|among|through|during|without|within|around|across|along|although|though|while|unless|until|since|whether)\b|\b\w+(?:'m|'re|'ve|'d|'ll|'s)\b|n't)\s*$

Video Player Appearance

This is optional, but worth mentioning: the default subtitle appearance in the built-in player may not be comfortable to read. In my case, I don't like the default font size and shadow. To change it to suit your preferences, go to the video player settings and adjust the following:

• Primary color: Yellow works well for readability.
• Outline: Disabled.
• Shadow: Set to 0.0.
• Opaque box: Selected.

Again, this is purely a matter of personal preference, but it's nice to know that we can adjust it to whatever is most comfortable for us during review.

Shortcuts

Go to Options > Settings > Shortcuts. You don't need to configure everything right now — the shortcuts will make more sense once you're actually working with subtitles. We'll come back to the specific ones as they become relevant throughout this guide.

Step 3: Load Your Video

Go to Video > Open Video File and load your file. Once the video is loaded, the waveform should appear at the bottom of the screen. If it doesn't generate automatically, just click in that area and it will be created. You'll use this waveform later for fine-tuning timing.

Step 4: Transcribe with Whisper

This is where the AI does the heavy lifting. Go to Video > Audio to Text.

In the dialog that opens, configure the following:

Engine: Select Purfview Faster Whisper XXL. There are several engine options listed, but this one is significantly faster than the original Whisper and works well on both GPU and CPU.

Language: Choose your source language.

Model: This is important. If you're opening Subtitle Edit for the first time, there won't be any models listed in the dropdown yet. Here's how to get one:

1. Click the three dots (…) next to the model selector.
2. Select a model from the list.
3. Click Download.

As a rule, use at least the medium model. If your computer can handle it, go for one of the large models, large or large-v2/v3. The reason: a larger model produces more accurate transcriptions, which directly translates to less time fixing errors during cleanup. And because everything runs locally on your computer, nothing is sent to any server. Once downloaded, the model stays on your computer and doesn't need to be downloaded again.

Once the model is downloaded, it will appear in the dropdown. Select it and continue with the settings below.

Auto-adjust timings: Make sure this is selected.

Use post-processing: Also select this. Click the Settings button next to it and verify that at least the first two post-processing options are checked.

Generating Subtitles for a Single Video

Click Generate. Depending on video length and your hardware, this may take anywhere from under a minute to several minutes. When it finishes, the transcribed subtitles will appear in the subtitle list, next to the video player.

Batch Mode: Processing Multiple Videos at Once

If you have several videos to subtitle, you don't need to process them one by one. In the same Audio to Text dialog, switch to the Batch tab. Click Add to select all the videos you want to process, and they'll appear in a list. Click Generate, and the tool will run transcription for all of them in sequence, producing one SRT file per video. This is a significant time saver for larger projects. 

Step 5: First Cleanup Pass — Unbreak and Auto Break

Once your transcription is ready, you'll notice the subtitles may have inconsistent or awkward internal line breaks. Whisper handles the segmentation automatically, but it doesn't always break lines in the best places. This is where the "Do Not Break After" list you set up earlier becomes useful.

The fix is a two-step process applied to all subtitles at once:

1. Press Ctrl+A to select all subtitles.
2. Click the Unbreak button — this removes all line breaks, collapsing every subtitle into a single line.
3. Click the Auto Break button — this reapplies line breaks according to your configured rules: the maximum characters per line, and the "Do Not Break After" word list.

The result is a consistently formatted set of subtitles where, for example, a line that previously ended in "a" will now have that "a" correctly moved to the beginning of the second line within the same subtitle.

Step 6: Fix Transcription Errors

Before moving on to segmentation cleanup, it's efficient to address systematic transcription errors first.

For example, if Whisper transcribed "Claude" as "Cloud" (which can happen with proper nouns), there may be multiple instances of that error throughout the file. Use Find and Replace to fix them all at once:

1. Press Ctrl+H to open Find and Replace.
2. Type the incorrect word in the Find field (e.g., "Cloud").
3. Type the correct version in the Replace field (e.g., "Claude").
4. Click Replace All.

It's a good habit to do this early, since fixing one systematic error in bulk takes seconds, while catching individual instances during manual review takes much longer.

Step 7: Fix Dangling Words with Shortcuts

Now it's time to do a pass through the subtitle list looking at the end of each subtitle, specifically to identify any "dangling weak words." These are words like conjunctions, prepositions, or articles ("and," "or," "for," "a," "the") that have ended up stranded at the end of a subtitle line. While the auto break pass handled many of these, some will still appear between subtitles, i.e., at the end of the second line, rather than within them.

Setting Up the Shortcuts

Go to Options > Settings > Shortcuts and search for "move." You'll find several relevant actions:

• Move last word to next subtitle: Takes the last word of the current subtitle and moves it to the start of the next one. I like using Alt+W for this, as it's a left-hand shortcut that you can press easily while keeping your right hand on the mouse to navigate the subtitles.
• Move first word to previous subtitle: The reverse, as it sends the first word of the current subtitle up to the end of the previous one. A good shortcut is Alt+D.
• Move last word from first line to second line (within the same subtitle): Moves a word from the top line to the bottom line inside the current subtitle. You can set a shortcut like Ctrl+W for this.
• Move first word from second line to first line: The opposite internal move. To keep things simple, I like Ctrl+D for this.

After assigning any new shortcut, click Update to save it.

Important: When you move a word to the next subtitle using one of these shortcuts, Subtitle Edit also automatically adjusts the timing of both subtitles to reflect the change. You don't need to fix the timestamps manually.

The Cleanup Pass

Go to the very top of the subtitle list. Use your arrow keys or mouse to move down one subtitle at a time, looking at the last word of each. When you spot a dangling weak word:

• Press Alt+W once to move the last word to the next subtitle.
• If you need to move two words, press it twice.
• If you'd rather pull words from the next subtitle up instead, move to the next subtitle and press Alt+D as many times as needed.

If a subtitle turns orange, it means it's exceeding the maximum line length. Keep moving words around until the warning clears. If the total character count exceeds the maximum for both lines, you will need to split the subtitle.

This pass can be done either as a dedicated sweep through all subtitles, or on a subtitle-by-subtitle basis as you review timing, whichever feels more natural to you.

Step 8: Split Long Lines

After your dangling word pass, go to Tools > Split Long Lines. This identifies any subtitles that are still too long to display comfortably and proposes splits for them. Review the suggestions and click OK to apply.

After splitting, run the unbreak + auto break combination again on all subtitles (Ctrl+A → Unbreak → Auto Break) to make sure the new line breaks are in the right positions based on your rules.

Step 9: Review Timing with the Waveform

At this point, the segmentation is in decent shape. Now it's time to check the timing of individual subtitles against the actual audio.

Set your playback to a speed that's comfortable to move through the video faster during this pass. You can play/pause with the spacebar or by clicking the play button.

Watch the subtitle list as you play, and stop when you see a timing issue. The waveform at the bottom shows you exactly where each subtitle starts and ends. If you can see that a subtitle's boundary doesn't align with the speech, drag the start or end marker directly on the waveform to fix it.

To zoom out on the waveform for a broader view, use Ctrl + scroll wheel down.

To resume reviewing from a specific subtitle after making a fix, double-click that subtitle in the list to jump the playhead back to it.

Step 10: Manual Splitting and Merging

As you review, you'll occasionally find subtitles that need to be restructured rather than just adjusted. Here's how to handle each case.

Splitting a Subtitle

1. Click into the subtitle text and place your cursor exactly where you want the split.
2. Press Alt+S to split. The subtitle is divided at the cursor position, and the timing is split proportionally.
3. After splitting, click Unbreak and then Auto Break on the individual subtitle (no need to do all) to clean up the line break placement.

Merging Two Subtitles

If two adjacent subtitles contain a phrase that would read better as one unit, such as, for example, "welcome to this module / where we will have an introduction", you can combine them and re-split at a better point:

1. Select the first of the two subtitles.
2. Press Ctrl+Shift+M to merge. The text of both subtitles is combined into one.
3. Inside the merged subtitle, use Enter to place a line break if needed.
4. If the merged subtitle is too long and needs to be split, press Alt+S to split at the cursor.
5. Click Unbreak and Auto Break to finalize the line breaks.

Step 11: Save the SRT File

Once you're satisfied with the subtitle draft, save the SRT file, which is now ready to be used with your video.

The Right Balance

Good subtitles take time. For some projects, the priority is a clean, readable draft that accurately represents the audio, not a perfect broadcast file. 

Whisper's large models are accurate enough that the bulk of the work happens automatically, and that means that your time is best spent on:

• Systematic transcription errors (fix with Find & Replace)
• Dangling weak words at subtitle endings (fix with shortcuts)
• Subtitles where the timing is visibly off in the waveform
• Any splits or merges where the segmentation genuinely affects comprehension

And now, it's time to go create some subtitles! If you give this a try, let me know how it went in the comments below.

Enhance Your Excel Glossaries with a Dynamic Search Bar

Even though there are several tools on the market that allow interpreters to store and retrieve terminology quickly and safely, many of us still rely on Excel to create and share glossaries with our colleagues. And many of us still use a simple search via Ctrl + F to find our terms.

This is not only inefficient, as it doesn't display all the relevant terms grouped together, but rather jumps from hit to hit, making it impractical for the real-time searches required by interpreters. To achieve this, filtering is the best solution. However, setting up and using a filter while interpreting is not ideal either. A dynamic search box, on the other hand, would mimic the behavior we get from dedicated terminology management tools. 

A dynamic search box enhances glossary usability

The purpose of this post is not to explain how to create such a search box (that will be the subject of a separate post, when I can find a bit more time), but rather to share a ready-to-use Excel glossary file where I have added a dynamic search box. This file can be used as a template to create your own glossaries with dynamic search capabilities.

To use it, follow the steps below.

1. Download the Excel file, save it and open it. You may need to click Enable editing if you see a message appear at the top of the file. It may also be a good idea to use "Save As" and make a copy of the file.

2. Replace the sample terms in the Glossary tab with your own terms. You can type or paste your terms. 

3. To use the glossary, go to the Search tab and start typing your desired term in the Search box (indicated by the magnifying glass). You will see all the terms that match the search string immediately listed under the search box.

The file is set up for English and Spanish. If you'd like to change the language labels, you will need to:

1. Edit the column titles in the Glossary and Search tabs.

2. In the Search tab, click cell A5 and look at the formula bar. You will see the formula that makes all the magic happen. Replace "English" and "Spanish" with the appropriate language names. Make sure they match exactly the names that you gave to your columns in the previous step. Be very careful not to change anything else.

If you'd like to see all of this in action, here's a short video.

And that's it. Time to convert your Excel terminology files into enhanced dynamic glossaries!

Regex for Translators: Filtering Segments Starting with a Spanish Infinitive in Trados Studio

 

When working with CAT tools like Trados Studio, regex (regular expressions) can be a powerful ally. It allows you to identify specific patterns in text, saving time and effort. 

Today, let’s look at a simple but effective regex pattern designed to filter segments that start with a Spanish verb in the infinitive form. A specific use case would be a review job where there are inconsistencies, with some segments translated using the infinitive and others using the imperative form of the verb at the beginning of a segment. If we decide to change all the infinitives to imperatives, then it comes in handy to be able to filter and see only the segments that fit this criterion.

The Regex Pattern

Here is the regex pattern:

^\b(?:[a-záéíóúüñ]+ar|[a-záéíóúüñ]+er|[a-záéíóúüñ]+ir)\b

Let’s break it down:

• ^: Ensures the pattern matches from the beginning of the segment.
• \b: Marks a word boundary to capture entire words.
• (?: ... ): Groups the options for non-capturing purposes, which means the parentheses won’t create a separate match group.
• [a-záéíóúüñ]+: Matches the root of the verb, allowing for lowercase letters and accented vowels commonly found in Spanish.
• ar|er|ir: Specifies the endings for verbs in the infinitive form.
• \b: Ensures the word ends here.

What Does This Regex Do?

This regex identifies segments that start with verbs in the infinitive form. For example, it will match segments like:

• "Vincular la información."
• "Escribir un informe detallado."
• "Responder de manera oportuna."

However, it will ignore other types of segments, such as:

• "Vincule la información."
• "Escriba un informe detallado."
• "Responda de manera oportuna."
  
  

  

  Trados Studio file, no filtering
  
  
  
  
  

  

  Trados Studio file, regex-based filtering

  
  A word of warning: The regex doesn't actually match "infinitive verbs", but actually words that end in -ar, -er, or -ir, which is the structure of infinitive verbs in Spanish. This means that the regex will also match other words with the same structure that are not verbs, such as ayer, tapir, or hogar. 
  
  

Why Is This Useful for Translators?

As translators, we often need to apply specific rules or filters to certain types of text. In the case of Spanish, infinitives are frequently used for:

• Instructional text (e.g., in manuals or guides): "Llenar el formulario."
• Headings or titles: "Comprar boletos."
• General-purpose commands: "Configurar el dispositivo."

However, some clients may prefer the imperative form, and we may find ourselves in a situation where we need to identify segments where an edit is needed.

By using this regex in Trados Studio, or any other CAT tool that supports regex, you can quickly locate and isolate these segments for editing, consistent formatting, terminology application, or quality assurance checks.

How to Use the Regex in Trados Studio

1. Open your document in Trados Studio.
2. Go to the "Review" tab.
3. Paste the regex into the filter field*, making sure you have Source or Target selected, as appropriate.
4. Apply the filter, and the tool will display only the segments starting with an infinitive.

This approach is not only efficient but also ensures consistency in handling these segments throughout your translation project.

*The regular filter in Trados Studio uses regex by default. To use regex in the Advanced Display Filter, make sure to check the "Use regex" checkbox.

Leveraging GenAI for Regex

Does writing a regex look too complicated? No need to worry. With GenAI, getting a regex like the one above is as simple as going to ChatGPT (or your chatbot of choice) and saying "Give me a regex that will find segments that begin with a Spanish verb in the infinitive form".

While learning regex continues to be a valuable skill for a translator, being able to describe the pattern you need to match can be just as useful when using a GenAI tool.

ChatGPT can help you write regexes

Learn More

Regex can seem intimidating at first, but with a few practical examples, it quickly becomes an indispensable tool. To dive deeper into how regex can enhance your work as a translator, check out The Translator's Tool Box book. It offers clear explanations, examples, and step-by-step instructions tailored to translators. 

How Dropbox Saved the Day: Recovering Files with the Version History Feature

 We've all been there. You're working on an important project, fully focused on your work, and then suddenly, you realize you've overwritten a crucial file. Panic sets in—what now? Fortunately, if you're using Dropbox, there's a simple and effective solution to recover your files: the Version History feature.

The Problem

A couple of weeks ago, I was preparing a new PowerPoint presentation. I wanted to use the style from a previous presentation, so I opened the old presentation, based my new slides on it, and deleted the slides I didn’t need. What I should have done at this point was use “Save As” to create a new file. But instead, I accidentally saved over the original presentation.

I kept working for a while, and then it hit me—I had just overwritten the original file. I tried using Ctrl + Z to undo the changes, but it was impossible to go back to the previous state of the file. The original presentation seemed lost... until I remembered that the file was saved in Dropbox.

The Solution: Using Dropbox's Version History

Thankfully, Dropbox has a fantastic feature that keeps a history of your file versions. This means that even if you accidentally overwrite a file, you can easily revert to a previous version with just a few simple steps. Here’s how to do it:

1. Open Dropbox: Go to the Dropbox website and log in to your account.

2. Locate the File: Navigate to the folder where your file is stored and find the file you want to restore.
   
   
3. Access Version History: Click on the three dots (more options) in the file preview pane. Then, select "Version history" from the dropdown menu.

4. Choose a Previous Version: In the Version history window, you’ll see a list of previous versions with timestamps. Select the version you want to restore by clicking on it.

         

5. Restore the Version: Click the "Restore" button to bring back the selected version.

This story had a happy ending. Thanks to Dropbox’s Version History feature, I was able to recover the original file without losing any of my work. So, if you ever find yourself in a similar situation and you’re a Dropbox user, remember that the Version History feature can save the day!

How to Disable Protected View in Word Files

If you've ever received a Word document via Gmail and noticed the yellow warning banner saying, "Be careful—files from the Internet can contain viruses. Unless you need to edit, it's safer to stay in Protected View," you're not alone. While this feature is designed to protect your computer from potentially harmful content, it can sometimes be a hindrance, especially if you're certain the file is safe and need to make edits immediately.

Here's a quick guide on how to disable Protected View for Word files, using Gmail as an example. This can be particularly useful if you're frequently downloading and editing documents and want to streamline your workflow.

Why Does Protected View Exist?

Protected View is a read-only mode where most editing functions are disabled. It’s an added layer of security, designed to protect your computer from files that might be unsafe. Files from the internet, email attachments, or files located in potentially unsafe locations are typically opened in Protected View.

Steps to Disable Protected View

1. Open the Word Document in Protected View When you first open a Word document from an online email client, such as Gmail, you'll see the Protected View warning. This yellow bar indicates that the document is in a restricted mode.

   
   

   
   
   

2. Access the Trust Center To disable Protected View, you'll need to access the Trust Center settings in Word. Here’s how:

   • Click on File in the top-left corner of Word.
   • Go to Options.
   • In the Word Options window, select Trust Center from the left-hand menu.
   • Click on Trust Center Settings.

3. Navigate to Protected View Settings In the Trust Center window, find the Protected View section. You’ll see options for enabling or disabling Protected View for various scenarios.

   
   

   
   
   

4. Disable Protected View Options You can choose to disable Protected View for:

   • Files originating from the Internet
   • Files located in potentially unsafe locations
   • Outlook attachments

   Uncheck the boxes according to your preference. For instance, if you're comfortable disabling Protected View for all documents downloaded from the Internet (like those from Gmail), uncheck the first box.

5. Confirm Your Changes Click OK to save your changes and exit the Trust Center. Then click OK again in the Word Options window. The next time you open a Word document from Gmail, it should no longer open in Protected View.

Final Thoughts

While disabling Protected View can save you time, it's essential to remember that this feature exists to protect your computer. Always ensure that the documents you download and open are from trusted sources. If you're unsure about the safety of a file, it's better to leave Protected View enabled and scan the document with your antivirus software before proceeding with any edits.

Disabling Protected View can streamline your work, especially if you deal with a large volume of documents daily. However, use this feature judiciously and prioritize your computer's security.

Understanding the Power of the Caret (^) in Regular Expressions

Regular expressions, or regex, are a powerful tool for searching and manipulating text. One of the essential special characters in regex is the caret (^). This character has different uses depending on its context, making it a versatile component of regex patterns.

The Caret at the Beginning of a Pattern

When placed at the beginning of a regex pattern, the caret asserts the position at the start of a line. This means the regex engine will match any text that begins with the specified pattern.

Example:

• Pattern: ^Hello
• Matches: "Hello world", "Hello everyone"
• Doesn't Match: "world Hello", "Hi Hello"

This usage is particularly useful for filtering and validating inputs where the start of a string needs to be checked. For instance, in a translator's CAT tool, using ^\d can help filter all segments that start with a number, ensuring numeric consistency in translations.

The Caret Inside Character Classes

Inside square brackets, the caret has a completely different meaning. When used at the beginning of a character class (inside []), it negates the character class, meaning it matches any character not listed in the brackets.

Example:

• Pattern: [^a-z]
• Matches: "1", "!", "@"
• Doesn't Match: "a", "b", "z"

This is useful when you need to find characters that do not belong to a specific set, such as non-alphabetic characters in a string.

Combining the Caret with Other Characters

The caret can be combined with other regex elements to create complex patterns. For example, ^[A-Z] matches any string that starts with an uppercase letter, which is useful for filtering proper nouns or specific names in text data.

Example:

• Pattern: ^[A-Z]
• Matches: "Apple", "Banana"
• Doesn't Match: "apple", "banana"

Practical Applications

1. Data Validation: Ensure segments start with specific characters or numbers.
2. Text Filtering: Quickly locate and process lines or segments that match particular criteria.
3. Error Checking: Identify and correct patterns that do not conform to expected formats.

Understanding how to use the caret (^) in regex can greatly enhance your ability to manage and manipulate text efficiently. Whether you’re filtering segments in a CAT tool, validating input data, or searching through logs, mastering this small yet powerful character will make your work more precise and effective.

Happy Regex-ing! 🚀

Easy Zoom Controls with an AutoHotkey Script

During remote simultaneous interpretation on Zoom, it can be a hassle to reach for the mouse and move the cursor to the microphone or camera icon to mute/unmute or turn the camera on or off. The Zoom windows may not even be in focus when one needs to mute/unmute, which adds to the cognitive load and stress in an already demanding situation.

An alternative solution that has given me much more control is creating an AutoHotkey script to perform the following actions:

    1. Bring the Zoom window into focus (make it active)

    2. Press the microphone or camera button

    3. Return focus to the original window 

Once the AutoHotkey script is ready and running, I simply press my chosen hotkey (shortcut) to control my microphone and camera. I like F1 for the microphone and F2 for the camera.

Watch it in action!

Here's how you can do it too.

1. Get AutoHotkey 

If you're already an AutoHotkey user, you can skip this part and simply grab the script, which you can find here. The script includes the following hotkeys:

F1 - Mute/unmute 

                    F2 - Start/stop video

                    F3 - Open chat window

                    F4 - Open/close participant list

                    F5 - Start/stop screen sharing

Please note that with the exception of opening the chat window, all other actions return the focus to whatever window was active when the hotkey was pressed.                    

If you are new to AutoHotkey, download the program here and install it. After installation, nothing opens, that's normal. AutoHotkey runs in the background and allows you to run your own scripts. You can learn more about it here.

2. Get and run the script

After you've installed AutoHotkey, download the Zoom Controls script here.

Unzip the file and save the file called Zoom controls.ahk in an easy-to-find folder. Once safely saved, double-click on the file. Note that you can easily inspect the contents of the script by opening with a plain text editor, such as Notepad.

A green box with a white H should appear in your system tray, indicating that the file is now active. 

3. Use your new shortcuts!

Now you're ready to use your shortcuts. Open Zoom and try them out. Try opening another window, such as Notepad, for example, and pressing one of your shortcuts (F1 to mute/unmute, for example) while you're typing in Notepad and watch your Zoom microphone change state while your cursor remains in Notepad.

4. Add your shortcuts to devices other than your keyboard

If you have an Elgato Stream Deck, you probably know that it provides a plug-in that offers Zoom microphone and camera control capabilities. However, the plug-in actions cause the Zoom window to gain and retain focus, which may not always be desirable, for example, if you need to mute/unmute while scrolling through a reference PDF or Powerpoint. 

Furthermore, I have found that there is some lag between pressing the button on the Stream Deck and the action actually being performed in Zoom, which is not ideal during simultaneous interpretation. See the difference in responsiveness between the Elgato plugin and the AutoHotkey script in the video below.

Fortunately, the AutoHotkey hotkeys can easily be added to the Stream Deck, using the Hotkey or Hotkey Switch options under System.

In addition to the Stream Deck, I also use a Logitech mouse with programmable keys, so I have a third option to quickly mute/unmute and start/stop video.

You're probably wondering if you can do the same with other platforms, and the answer is, probably yes. It's only a matter of telling AutoHotkey to activate the appropriate window, sending the appropriate shortcut for whatever action you want to perform, and then returning the focus to the original window. You can always use my script as a starting point and simply modify the appropriate parts as needed.